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scratch

/ˈskræʧ/

US UK

verb

scratches; scratched; scratching

to rub your skin with something sharp (such as your fingernails) especially in order to stop an itch [+ obj]

Will you scratch my back for me?

Scratching the itch only makes it worse.

The dog scratched its ear. - sometimes used figuratively

Maybe it's time to scratch the/that itch to travel I've had since I was a kid. [=maybe it's time to satisfy the urge I've had to travel] [no obj]

You shouldn't scratch. It'll just make your itch worse. - see also scratch someone's back (below)

to make a shallow and narrow cut in (your skin) with something sharp (such as fingernails, claws, etc.) [+ obj]

The cat scratched me.

Thorns scratched our legs as we climbed through the briars. [no obj]

Careful, the cat will scratch.

[no obj] :to rub a surface or object with something sharp or rough in a way that produces a harsh sound

The dog was scratching at the door.

[+ obj] to make a line or mark in the surface of (something) by rubbing or cutting it with something rough or sharp

Be careful not to scratch the table.

Someone scratched the paint on my car.

to make (something, such as a line or letters) in the surface of something by using a stick, a sharp tool, etc.

The little boy scratched lines in the dirt with a stick.

They scratched their initials in the old bridge.

to write (something) in a quick and untidy way

She scratched a note to herself on a napkin.

[+ obj] informal

to decide not to do or continue with (something)

We had to scratch our picnic plans because of the weather.

We should go to the movies tonight. No, scratch [=forget] that. Let's rent a DVD instead.

to remove (someone) from the list of players who will be playing in a game

She was scratched from the starting lineup.

scratch a living

or US scratch out a living

to earn barely enough money to live

He scratched out a living as a farmer.

scratch off

[phrasal verb]

scratch (something) off or scratch off (something)

to remove (something) from an object or surface by rubbing with a sharp edge or tool

Scratch off the gray box on the ticket to see if you've won!

She scratched the gum off her shoe with a stick.

to draw a line through (something that is written down)

He scratched his name off the list.

scratch out

[phrasal verb]

scratch (something) out or scratch out (something) :to draw a line through (something that is written down)

I scratched out the mistake.

scratch someone's back

informal :to do something that helps someone else but that is often wrong or difficult to do

You scratch my back, and I'll scratch yours. [=if you do something to help me, I'll do something to help you]

scratch the surface

to deal with or learn about only a small part of something

If you think she only did it for the money, you haven't even scratched the surface. [=there are many other factors, reasons, etc., involved]

There's so much to learn about this subject. I feel like I've only scratched the surface.

scratch your head

informal :to be confused about something :to think about something you do not understand

His odd behavior left us all scratching our heads. [=we could not understand his odd behavior]

noun

plural scratches

[count] a line or mark in the surface of something that is caused by something rough or sharp rubbing against it

There's a scratch in the paint on the new car!

The table is an antique but it doesn't have any dents or scratches.

a shallow and narrow cut in the skin that is caused by something sharp

I got a scratch on my leg when I climbed the fence.

He escaped the fire without a scratch. [=without getting hurt; without any injuries]

[count] :the sound made when something sharp rubs against a surface or object

The only sound in the room during the test was the scratch of pencils on paper.

[noncount] US slang :money

We don't have the scratch to buy a new car.

from scratch

with ingredients you have prepared yourself rather than with a prepared mixture of ingredients bought from a store

bread/cookies made from scratch

I used a frozen pie crust rather than making one from scratch.

from a point at which nothing has been done yet

We will have to start the project from scratch.

He built the company from scratch.

up to scratch

chiefly Brit informal :good enough :as good as expected or wanted - usually used in negative statements

Her performance wasn't up to scratch. [=(US) up to snuff]

adjective

always used before a noun

of a golfer :having no handicap

a scratch golfer [=an excellent golfer whose score is usually close to par]

chiefly Brit :put together quickly and without enough planning or thought

a scratch team

* Các từ tương tự:
scratch pad, scratch paper, scratch ticket, scratching post, scratchy